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Links:
- Ancient Latvian Paganism
By Kristaps Johnson, this site contains an extensive list of deities categorized according to their function, e.g. deities of the Cosmos, & deities of farm & house. Also discussed are Latvian cultural history, festivals, & the structure of Latvian religion.
- Celtic Culture
An introduction to Celtic culture provided by the Dalriada Celtic Heritage Trust. The article is divided into sections such as 'Family', the 'Brehon Laws', governing much of Celtic social life, 'Kinship', 'Hospitality', & 'Fairs, Festivals, and Banquets'. Links to other areas of interest such as Celtic Bird Lore & Gaelic Folklore (an introduction) are available at
Public Archives.
- Germanic Myths, Legends, and Sagas
This page includes sections on "Ancient Monuments", "The Gods' Homepages", "The Vikings", and "Related Links", the later of which includes an interesting essay on 'Nordic Mythology'. Many of the discussions of the gods draw directly upon either the Poetic or Prose Edda. Among the ancient monuments may be found, for example, an account and photographs of the Sigurd Runestone, which tells the story of how Sigurd slew the dragon Fafnir and his companion Regin.
- History, Folktales, and Beliefs of Pagan Lithuania
History, culture, folktales & beliefs of pagan Lithuania. The 1998 lecture entitled 'Cthonic and Indo-European Elements', includes, besides a brief history of Lithuania, a useful discussion of an array of Lithuanian deities. It also asks the question "What is Lithuanian Paganism Like Today?" The four folktales are: (i) Egle, Queen of Serpents; (ii) The Old Man and the Devil (iii) The Fairies Foretell a New-born's Future; & (iv) The Fairies and the Babe.
- Kalevala: From Myth to Symbol
Professor Michael Branch discusses this Finnish epic myth, which focuses primarily around Vainamoinen, the "eternal sage" who brings order to chaos. The article is organized into four parts following the introduction: (i) Construction of a past; (ii) Universals (cross-cultural beliefs and practices); (iii) A new literature; and (iv) A national symbol.
- Lithuanian Mythology
An abstract from Prane Dunduliene's Ancient Lithuanian Mythology and Religion. Dunduliene states that Lithuanian faith & mythology is divided into three periods: (i) early matriarchal (Upper Palaeolithic & Mesolithic); (ii) late matriarchal, which saw the emergence of the feminine deities of the Sun, Moon, & Earth, & those representing fertility & water; and (iii) the patriarchal tribal system and its disintegration, followed by the formation of class society. The chief gods appeared, and the feminine ones lost their supremacy. Also, a trinity of gods is identified in the Lithuanian pantheon, and other gods & goddesses are discussed too.
- Nordic Gods
Although intended chiefly for children, this site provides a useful introduction to Nordic mythology for adults also. Subjects discussed include, for example, the gods Odin, Thor, the mischievous Loki, the World Tree (Yggdrasil), and Ymir, the giant from whose body our world was formed. Also provided are 'Notes for Teachers'.
- Norse Mythology
Essentially a glossary of terms covering gods & immortals, mythological places, mythological objects & events, animals & monsters, men & women, dwarfs & giants.
- Norse Mythology
Produced by Nicole Cherry of the California Institute of Technology, this is a well conceived site with a wealth of information in sections ranging from 'Mythic Figures', 'Creation', 'Cosmology', 'The Eddas' [the primary sources for Scandinavian mythology], to the 'Valkyries', and the 'Runes'. Also, besides the 'Links' section itself, Cherry provides a useful list of her sources, a number of which are themselves links; the Poetic [or Elder] Edda being one of them, along with other primary sources.
- Scandinavian Mythology
Scandinavian mythology by Richard McLaughlin. Includes a discussion of the Scandinavians themselves & their language. Mythological themes include, among others, the Creation Story, the World Tree (Yggdrasil), Gods of Scandinavia, The Children of Odin, and Idun's Apples.
- The Ancient Religion of the Finns
By Professor Juha Pentikäinen, University of Helsinki, this article covers subjects ranging from the history of Finnish settlement, to cosmology, the ancestor cult, and gods & guardian spirits.
- The Asgard Troth
The Asgard Troth is a group dedicated to the practice of the religion of the ancient teutonic peoples. The site offers detailed descriptions of many gods & goddesses of Scandinavian mythology.
- The Celts
The Encyclopaedia of the Celts by Knud Mariboe, a brief biography of whom may be found at
http://home.worldonline.dk/kmariboe/, and his 'philosophy' at
http://home.worldonline.dk/kmariboe/iam.htm.
- The Mabinogion
The Mabinogion, a collection of Welsh tales that '…draw upon the myths, folklore, history and pseudo-history of Celtic Britain...' This site offers the first of the four branches of the Mabinogion. Some historical background to the compilation of the tales is also given. The entire four branches of the Mabinogion may be found at British Mythology, which has some useful explanatory notes accompanying the text. It is not, however, clear to what extent these tales reflect the actual beliefs of Celtic peoples.
- The Story of the Volsungs
Online Medieval and Classical Library Release (OMACL). This is an introduction to 'The Story of the Volsungs' from the "most complete and dramatic form of the great Epic of the North" (See Translator's Preface). The introduction provides a lengthy quote from Snorri Sturluson's [c.1179-1241] Prose Edda, which describes much of the structure of Norse mythology, including the creation of the Earth, of first man & woman, & Asgard, by the Sons of Bor (Odin, Vili, & Ve).
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